Twakagombye kuvuga ko imiyoboro yose ya austenitike idafite umuyonga ifite ibyuma biranga ruswa, irwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi hamwe n’umuvuduko mwinshi.Gusa ugereranije, bafite ibimenyetso bigaragara nibikorwa:
304.Muri icyo gihe, imiterere ya mashini yicyuma iracyari nziza kuri -180 ° C.Muburyo bukomeye bwo gukemura, ibyuma bifite plastike nziza, gukomera no gukora ubukonje;ifite ruswa irwanya ruswa muri okiside, umwuka, amazi nibindi bitangazamakuru.
304L ni variant ya 304 ibyuma bidafite ingese hamwe na karubone yo hasi kandi ikoreshwa aho gusudira bisabwa.Ibiri munsi ya karubone bigabanya imvura ya karbide muri zone yibasiwe nubushyuhe hafi ya weld, ibyo bikaba bishobora gutuma habaho kwangirika kwimitsi (igitero cya weld) mubyuma bitagira umwanda mubidukikije.
Kurwanya ruswa ya 316 / 316L umuyoboro wibyuma utaruta ibyuma bya 304, kandi bifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa muburyo bwo gukora impapuro nimpapuro.Bitewe no kongeramo Mo, ifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa, cyane cyane irwanya pitingi;imbaraga z'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru nazo ni nziza cyane;akazi keza gakomeye (magnetique idakomeye nyuma yo gutunganya);itari magnetique muburyo bukomeye bwo gukemura.Ifite kandi imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa ya chloride, bityo ikunze gukoreshwa mubidukikije byo mu nyanja cyangwa imishinga yo kubaka ku nyanja.
321 ibyuma bidafite umuyonga ni Ni-Cr-Ti yo mu bwoko bwa austenitis ibyuma bitagira ibyuma, inganda zayo zirasa cyane na 304, ariko kubera kongeramo icyuma cya titanium, gifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa hagati y’imiterere n’ubushyuhe bwo hejuru.Bitewe no kongeramo ibyuma bya titanium, bigenzura neza imiterere ya karubide ya chromium.321 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga bifite ubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane bwo guturika (Stress Rupture) hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwo guhangana (Creep Resistance) imiterere yubukanishi iruta ibyuma 304 bidafite ingese.Ti muri 321 umuyoboro wibyuma udafite ingese ubaho nkikintu gihamye, ariko kandi nicyiciro cyingufu zicyuma gishyuha, kikaba cyiza cyane kuruta 316L mubijyanye nubushyuhe bwo hejuru.Ifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa muri acide kama na organic organique yubushyuhe nubushyuhe butandukanye, cyane cyane mubitangazamakuru bya okiside, kandi ikoreshwa mugukora imirongo hamwe nu miyoboro ikoreshwa na aside irwanya kwambara hamwe nibikoresho bidashobora kwambara.Ifite ubushyuhe buke bwo hejuru, muri rusange hafi dogere 700, kandi ikoreshwa kenshi mumashanyarazi.Gukoreshwa kumashini yo mumashanyarazi munganda zikora imiti, amakara na peteroli bisaba kurwanya cyane kwangirika kwimbibi zimbuto, ibice birwanya ubushyuhe bwibikoresho byubwubatsi nibice bigoye kuvura ubushyuhe.
310S.Ibikoreshwa bisanzwe: ibikoresho byo mu itanura, ibikoresho byo gutunganya imodoka.310S umuyoboro wibyuma ni chromium-nikel ya austenitike idafite ibyuma bitagira umuyonga hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa okiside yubushyuhe bwo hejuru, aside irwanya alkali, hamwe no kurwanya ruswa.Kubera ibintu byinshi bya chromium (Cr) na nikel (Ni), bifite imbaraga nziza zo kunyerera.Irashobora gukora ubudahwema ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru kandi ifite ubushyuhe bwiza bwo guhangana.Iyo ubushyuhe burenze 800, butangira koroshya, kandi imihangayiko yemerewe itangira kugabanuka ubudahwema.Ubushyuhe bwa serivisi ntarengwa ni 1200 ° C, kandi ubushyuhe bukomeza ni 1150 ° C.Imiyoboro yicyuma irwanya ubushyuhe ikoreshwa cyane mugukora itanura ryamashanyarazi nibindi bihe.Nyuma yo kongera ibyuka bya karubone mubyuma bya austenitis bitagira umuyonga, imbaraga ziratera imbere kubera ingaruka zikomeye zo gushimangira.Ibigize imiti ya austenitike idafite ibyuma bishingiye kuri chromium na nikel.Ibintu nka molybdenum, tungsten, niobium na titanium byongeweho nkibanze.Kuberako ishyirahamwe ryayo ari isura yububiko bushingiye kumaso, ifite imbaraga nyinshi nimbaraga zo hejuru mubushyuhe bwinshi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-31-2023
